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Education in Afghanistan - Issues and Concerns!BY: Anisa Author | Category: Education | Submitted: 2010-06-29 14:56:14
Education in Afghanistan has remained in a state of constant change from 1973 to 2002. It is only now when the situation is getting better. But if we look in the past, from 1933 to 1973, the education in Afghanistan was at its peak under the supervision of King Zahir Shah. According to some sources, in 1988, Kabul University graduated 40 percent doctors and 60 percent teachers by enrolling 440,000 girls in to the educational institutions and around 80,000 in literacy programs. This was just because of the governments' proper planning and dedication towards execution. Anyhow it was a great step towards women education. You all will also agree that war has always ruined the nations and post war development in all sectors takes a lot of time, same thing happened in Afghanistan. When the Soviet invaded Afghanistan a large number of doctors and teachers left the country and settled in other parts of the world like, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and some of them in USA and European countries. This was a sad and unbearable situation for Afghanistan because its assets got scattered. In 1996, after Taliban get hold in Afghanistan women education was totally banned and no girls were allowed to go to any school or any place where they can get education. Any girl involved in any educational activity was punished badly. Taliban made madrassa's a primary source of education throughout the areas which comes under their jurisdiction. But in 2001 after Karzai government won elections and the US overthrow Taliban, the international well-wishers gave educational loans to Afghanistan to restore the educational setup throughout the country. During 2001 - 2005, around 7000 schools started providing education to 4.2 billion (out of which 1.2 billion were girls) students in 20 provinces with 27,000 qualified teachers. Six universities including the University of Kabul re-opened and in 2002 male and female enrollment in Kabul University was 24,000. There was a big difference between the illiteracy rates of males and females in secular education because of the Taliban's implementation of madrassa's system. Approximately 57 % males and 86 % females were uneducated and have very limited skills which pushed back the country's economy. But these figures are not enough to distort the confidence of the people and in 2006 enrollment in schools exceeded 4 million students (males and females). Looking at the interest of the people of Afghanistan the government, with the help of foreign as well as local friends improved the quality of education by introducing the modern technical and professional development centers in major parts of the country. Many professionals who have moved away from their country are returning back. Moreover many other Afghan nationals who have educated themselves during the 10 years of migration are now playing active role in the development of their country. But still there are so many things to be done in the field of education; a lot of schools are still waiting for funds. The main problem with the Ministry of Education is the management of educational budget, because the government is totally depending upon the external donor's due to which many plans are yet to be implemented like the planning of specific curriculum and its executions etc. In mid of 2007, many problems regarding female education came on screen. For most of the girls it was too difficult to attend schools because of the lack of school buildings, as most of the schools were functioning under tents, even today some schools doesn't have buildings, thus many parents refused to send their daughters to schools for security reasons. In many parts of the country, there were limited female teachers and most of the parents refused to send their daughters under the male teachers' supervision. The issue still demands attention. There are still so many unresolved issues, out of which co-education system is the severe one. A large number of parents don't allow their daughters to attend schools having co-education system. Despite of so many issues and criticism, government is doing well in education sector with the help of donors. A positive development is seen in women education and empowerment and thus we can hope that the ratio of female education will increase with the passage of time. Article Source: http://www.writearticles.org/ About Author / Additional Info: Comments on this article: (0 comments so far)
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